ГИДРОТЕХНИКАЛЫҚ БЕТОНДАРДЫҢ СУ ӨТКІЗБЕУ ҚАСИЕТІН ЖӘНЕ АЯЗҒА ТӨЗІIC CONCRETE

Abstract

This article examines modern approaches to improving the waterproofing and frost resistance of hydraulic concrete. The aim of the study is to determine the effectiveness of densifying the microstructure of concrete and increasing its long-term durability through the use of mineral pozzolanic additives and fiber reinforcement. The research analyzes international practices, including technologies used in Canada, Japan, and China, and considers the potential for their adaptation to conditions in Kazakhstan. The methodology involved preparing three concrete mixtures based on Cem I 42.5 N cement. Their total and capillary water absorption properties were investigated in accordance with GOST standards. As a mineral additive, 20 % fly ash was used, and 0.9 kg/m³ of polypropylene fiber was added to improve crack resistance. The findings showed that the addition of fly ash reduced water absorption by approximately 15 %, while the combined use of fly ash and fibers decreased the indicator by up to 21 %. Capillary water absorption was also reduced by 29 %. These results confirm the high effectiveness of the additives in improving the water resistance and frost durability of concrete.